Paste the function into a new module, make sure you have a reference to the
DAO object library and make sure you compile the code.  Then you use it as
shown below:

If TableExists("table_temp") Then
   MsgBox "It exists"
Else
   MsgBox "It doesn't exist"
End If

Function TableExists(strTableName As String) As Boolean

   On Error GoTo Err_Handler

   Dim dbs As DAO.Database
   Dim tdf As DAO.TableDef

   Set dbs = CurrentDb

   For Each tdf In dbs.TableDefs
       If tdf.Name = strTableName Then
           TableExists = True
           Exit For
       End If
   Next tdf

Exit_Handler:
   On Error Resume Next
   Set tdf = Nothing
   Set dbs = Nothing

   Exit Function

Err_Handler:
   MsgBox Err.Description, vbExclamation, "Error No: " & Err.Number
   Resume Exit_Handler

End Function

An alternative to making/deleting a temp table (if I read between the lines
of your post correctly) would be to create a permanent table, then append
records to and delete records from that table.