You will need to add code to the Click or AfterUpdate event of each checkbox
control, executing an INSERT statement to add the record to the table:

Private Sub chkBox1_Click()
   If chkBox1.Value = True Then
       DoCmd.RunSQL "INSERT INTO ..."
   Else
       ' What do you do if the user un-checks it?
   End If
End Sub

Of course, I don't know the names of your controls, so I'm using made-up
names here. This would have two drawbacks: it would result in a lot of
redundant code (basically the same code for each checkbox control), and what
do you do if the user un-checks a box after checking it?

If it's possible, it might be better for you to have a command button that
your users could click after checking all the appropriate boxes, and handle
the INSERTS there. You could loop through the checkbox controls and INSERT a
record for each checked one. Simpler coding, and it should work faster.
Something like:

Private Sub cmdButton_Click()
   Dim ctl As Control
   For Each ctl In Me.Controls
       If ctl.ControlType = acCheckBox Then
           If ctlValue = True Then
               DoCmd.RunSQL "INSERT INTO..."
           End If
       End If
   Next
End Sub

This assumes that there are no other checkboxes on your form except those
for answering questions. If there are, you could adding something to the Tag
property of each question checkbox and test for it first:

       If ctl.ControlType = acCheckBox Then
           If ctl.Tag = "Question" Then
               If ctlValue = True Then
                   DoCmd.RunSQL "INSERT INTO..."
               End If
           End If
       End If

Hopefully this will give you some ideas.

Carl Rapson